The Engineering Disciplines Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Engineering Disciplines - Essay Example This indicates the numerous career paths that a civil engineering professional can pursue. All civil engineers must have a bachelor’s degree, while advanced degrees are only essential for individuals who want to enter into academic, research, and managerial positions (Bugliarello, 1994). With the various civil engineering disciplines a civil engineer has a lot of fields to choose from. Civil engineering has progressively been developing and thus moving away from the gold-standard which required the necessity to design so as to function and grown into the need to embrace the ability to design to environmental and cost compatibility. This revolution has occurred due to the presence of web and the computers. With the availability of computers, the manual computations and the slide rule have been done away. Designs are now made with the use of Computer Aided Programmes. Geomatics Engineering Geomatics engineering entails the collection of data in the field so that it can be used i n the calculation of mapmaking information which is then used in performing computer-aided drafting and computations. An individual aspiring to be a geomatics engineering professional should take courses in; land information systems, construction surveying, surveying drafting, computer applications in surveying, mapping, fundamentals of imaging/photgrammetry and cartography and GIS software. Some of the places of work for a geomatics engineer can be working for the forest service, agencies for Bureau and land management, national government agencies, highways departments and for small and large engineering survey firms (Drennon, 2005). With the numerous courses studied while doing a geomatic engineering course it opens up a big field for opportunities of employment. The geomatics engineering field has been opening up in the past to include some of the emerging trends such as remote sensing, Geographic information systems (GIS), global navigation satellite system (GNSS), and geodesy. The military have also been having a major interest in this field as it helps them in creating effective and efficient navigation systems which they can use for security purposes. This is an indication on the geomatics engineering opens up various opportunities which are challenging and interesting. Mechanical Engineering Mechanical engineering is among the broadest and widest engineering disciplines. The mechanical engineering discipline entails the manufacture, design, development, and the use of test tools on machines, engines, and mechanical devices. Strong math and science skills are essential for a career in the mechanical engineering discipline. This requires the studying of courses in energy-transfer, engineering science, mechanics and manufacturing disciplines. That is why the primary areas for specialization of mechanical engineers include design mechanics, manufacturing, energy and automotive. Mechanical engineers always work with all aspects of machinery and tools inclu ding design, development, and research phases which allow them various career options within the field. With a bachelor’s degree a mechanical engineer can start with entry level jobs progressing to become chief mechanical engineer. Mechanical engineers can also work in agriculture production or manufacturing, technical sales, maintenance and can become managers or administrators (The Engineer, 2004). Some

Reserch paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reserch paper - Essay Example Obesity rates have doubled in the past two decades. There are several health risks that are associated with obesity such as hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The prevalence of obesity in the US and in other countries can be attributed to the unhealthy eating habits of the generation today. People today are faced with two options, eat healthy or eat junk. The choice to eat healthy or junk starts from having to know what exactly is healthy food and what is junk food. Health and nutrition experts say that junk food is bad and healthy food is good. For non-nutritionists, junk foods are chips, processed foods, hamburgers, pizzas, French fries, doughnuts, sodas and candies (Unp.me). These are food that are very high in calories and loaded with unwanted fat (Unp.me). On the other hand, healthy foods are fruits, vegetables, and lean meat (Unp.me). So, how does one know the difference? The major difference between junk food and healthy food is the nutrient content. Junk food is referred to as â€Å"foods of minimal nutritional value† because they go through several processes, with high sugar, sodium and artificical additives content. Because of too much processing, which includes excessive heat and exposure to air, the food nutrients are lost. There are approximately 4000 artificial additives that may be found in different types of junk food. Additives may be artificial sweeteners and colors, preservatives and chemically-altered fake fats. Some of these additives have side effects while others are not yet fully-tested. Unlike healthy food, junk food does not help build one’s stamina. Junk food may give one the feeling of instant energy but in reality, an overdose of junk food results in a deficiency in energy (Unp.me). Eating junk food is disadvantageous to an individual because it leads to poor concentration unlike healthy food, which sharpens one’s concentration skills (Unp.me). A high cholesterol level is an end result of consum ing too much junk food. On the contrary, healthy food helps maintain the blood cholesterol level (Unp.me). Compared to healthy food, junk food is usually cheaper than healthy food. The reason behind this is because junk food is mass-produced, has a lot of preservatives & it can be stored for a longer period of time. Furthermore, the ingredients used in junk food may come from low quality food sources which are cheap. Healthy food is nutrient-rich and helps in preventing diseases. It should have a high fiber content, minimal added sugars, zero or low in saturated and trans fat and low in sodium. Pasta or bread, to be considered healthy should be composed of whole grain instead of refined wheat flour. When it comes to sugar in food, sugar in fresh fruit is always a better alternative than refined sugar or artificial sweeteners. Healthy food should be low in sodium; thus, eating canned or packaged food such as deli meats, soups, hotdogs and chips is equivalent to eating junk food. With regards to fat, healthy food should contain monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fats that one can get from nuts, seeds and some fruits such as avocado. One category of healthy foods is organic food. Organic fruits and vegetables are those that did not use synthetic pesticides, herbicides and fertilizers, and did not originate from other genetically modified seeds. These types of food are considered healthy food because less chemicals go into it; thus, less chemicals will also be absorbed by the body. Organic foods are therefore regarded as